Hair curler and method of assembly



Feb. 27, 1940. w. HUPPERT 2,192,134

HAIR CURLER AND METHOD OF ASSEMBLY Filed July 15, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ATTORNEY e 1940- w. HUPPERT HAIR CURLER AND MEYl'I-IOD OF ASSEMBLY Filed July 15, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR fm. Hopper/f BY [Ma/ km 7 ATTORN EY Patented Feb. 27, 1940 v I 2 192 134 UNITED STATES PATENT, ome a,

'HAIR CURLER AND METHOD OF ASSEMBLY 7 William Huppert, New York, N. Y., assignor to Delamere Company, Inc., a corporation of Delaware Application July 15, 1939, Serial No. 284,616 12 (llaims. (c1. 132 41) This invention relates to the manufacture of of the loop to the curler. Not only has this ina hair curler of the type having a tubular memcreased the cost of manufacture excessively but her or form around which the hair is wound, and it has also materially reduced the rate of proa Wire loop clamping member pivotally connected duction of the finished articles.

" t the curler to be swung over and around the The principal objects of this invention are to wound hair. The curler is provided with a semireduce the cost of manufacture. to provide tubular member which is pivotally secured bylers O this y with Wire D members that means of the loop to the tubular member for cannot becomeacCidentally detached, and to patching th d of th h i b t th t provide a construction whereby the rate of promembers prior to winding. In some instances, duction of the finished articles is accelerated. 10

both the tubular and the semi-tubularmember A further object'of the invention is toprovide are provided with handles and with a spring urga curler with a wire loop: clamp the ends of which ing the two members closed. are connected together, to form a closed loop,

The loop is generally made of a single piece of prior to assembly of the loop with the other parts. resilient wire formed with inturned ends that Another object is to provide a curler of such 15 are passed through alined openings in the tubuconstruction that it may be manufactured withlar and semi-tubular members. out the necessity of the laborious operation of The present practice is to assemble the parts inserting each end of the loop separately into and then to attach the, loop thereto by first alined openings in the tubular and semi-tubular manually inserting one end of the loop into openmembers of the curler. 20 ings atone side of the curler and then inserting Other objects and advantages of the inventhe other end into openings in the opposite side. tion will appear to those skilled in the art from This is a rather slow and tedious operation the following description thereof, reference bewhich materially increases the cost ofproduction ing had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

and has the further disadvantage that a loop Figure 1 is a top plan View of a metal curler 25 having disconnected inturned ends is apt to beembodying the invention; come detached from the curler in use. I Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. showing the To prevent the likelihood of accidental deassembly tools or dies in dotted lines; tachment, it has heretofore been proposed to Fig. 3 is a rear end view of the curler of bend or curve the ends of the loop either before Figure 1; V I 30 or after they have been inserted into the curler. Fig. iis a rear end view similar to Fig. 3 It has also been proposed to solder the ends of showing the parts prior to complete assembly; the loop after it has been assembled with the Figs. 5 and 6 are fragmentary perspective views curler, or to couple the ends with a surrounding of the tubular and the semi-tubular, members,

5 sleeve. However, in all of these practices it has pefi y, p o a mb y; 7

been necessary to insert each of the two ends of Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a modified form of the loop separately in the openings or holes in curler with the ends broken off: the curler, and to perform the additional opera- Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view thereof, prior to tions of bending or of connecting the ends with complete assembly, on the line 88 of Fig. 7;

solder or with a sleeve after insertion, all of Figs. 9-12 are detail views of the assembly tools 40 which operations increase the cost and decrease or dies; the speed of production. Fig. 13 is a side elevation of a curler of molded The tubular and the semi-tubular members of plastic material embodying the invention; such curlers are generally made from sheets of Fig. 1 is a sectional view thereof on the line 5 metal, such as aluminum or the like, cut. shaped |4l4 of Fig. 13; and bent to form. More recently it has been Fig. 15 is a fragmentary side View of the tubuproposed to form these parts of molded plastic lar member prior to assembly; substance, such as cellulose acetate composition, Fig. 16 is 'a similar view of the semi-tubular plastic synthetic resins, and the like. member;

All of the parts of the curler are manufac- Fig. 17 is a fragmentary bottom plan view of 50 tured mechanically at high. speed and low cost. the semi-tubular member prior to assembly One of the principal itemsof labor cost, and one showing an assembly tool or die in relation that is out of all proportion to the labor cost of thereto;

manufacture of the parts, has heretofore been Fig. 18 is a similarview showing the member 55. the manuallabo'r' involved in attaching the ends as it appearsafter assembly;

Fig. 19 is a view similar to Fig. 17 showing a modification of the semi-tubular member;

Fig.20 is a view of this modification similar to Fig. 18; and

Fig. 21 is a plan view of the wire loop clamping member.

The device, in these various modifications, comprises the usual tubular member or form It] and semi-tubular member or finger 1! common in the manufacture of curlers of this type. These parts may be made of metal or molded plastic material. If desired, the semi-tubular member H may be omitted. The device also preferably comprises a wire loop clamping member I2 which differs, however, from the usual wire clamp in that its ends are preferably Welded or connected' together at I 3, as best seen in Fig. 21, prior to the assembly of the loop with the other parts of the curler.

A springless type of curler, having metal tubular and semi-tubular members, is shown in Figs. l-G, inclusive. Each of these members has a pair of opposed openings or perforations l4 and I5, respectively, near one end, and slits it and ll, respectively, leachng from the exterior to the corresponding openings. The metal at the slits is bent out of its normal plane to provide an open passage of greater width than'the diameter of the wire of the loop I 2 through which, when the two members are assembled, the closed loop !2 may be freely passed into the aligned openings. The bent parts are subsequently rebent into their normal plane to close the passage and to confine the loop in the aligned openings 14, I5.

It will be observed that the loop is fulcrumed in the openings toswing over and around the tubular and semi-tubular members and that those members are pivotally connected together by that portion of the loop that passes transversely through the openings and serves as a pin about which the members pivot. The outer end of the loop may be provided with the usual roller 58 fastening the loop in closed position, although the roller may be omitted and the loop may be secured in closed position in any other known manner. In some forms of the invention the loop may be omitted and a pivot pin may be used for pivotally securing the two members together.

In Figs. '7 and 3 is shown the form of curler in which each of the metal members In and II has a rearwardly extending handle portion l9 between which a spring 20 is disposed for urging the members closed. In this instance, as in the previous described form, each of the members has aligned openings M, iii for reception of the closed loop 12, and slits l6 and I1, respectively, leading from the exterior to the corresponding openings. The slits are opened by bending portions of the metal at the slits, as seen'in Fig. 8, to provide a passage-through which the closed loop member may be inserted into the aligned openings. Th bent portions are then rebent to their normal position to close the passages against withdrawal of the loop.

Any suitable tools or dies may be employed for closing the passages. A form of such tools is shown in Figs. 9-12, wherein Z! is an arbor having a rounded conical head 22 formed with a slot or recess 23. The arbor is inserted and forced into the opening at the rear end of the curler to bend or swage the inwardly bent portions 24 back to normal position. The slot or recess 23 in the arbor provides clearance for the closed loop 12, which as above noted, is placed in the assembly prior to this bending operation. 25 is an outer die having a pair of arms 26 that pass over the outer surface of the assembly to rebend the outwardly bent portions 21 into their normal 'posithere shown, the tubular member ID has a slot 28 leading to the openings 29, and has formed on its external surface recesses 30 in which the tubular member, and lead to openings 33. After.

assembly of the parts, asseen in Figs. 13 .and 14,

portions ofthe material adjacent the slots 32' are pressed out to provide protrusions. 34 that close the slots immediately below the openings. In connection with Fig. 17, there is shown a tool or die 35 for forming the protrusions 34 as shown in Fig. 18. In Fig. 16 the protrusions are indi-.

cated by dotted lines.

A modification of the semi-tubular member is.

shown in Figs. 19 and 20 wherein that member is initially molded with lateral projections 36 that; A tool 31 are pressed down to close the slots 32. for this purpose is indicated by the dot-and-dash lines in Fig. 20.

It will be seen from the foregoing description that the construction of the curler is such that a preformed, completely closed loop may be readily. and easily applied to the curler, and that when the parts are assembled, they will be retained in proper relation to eachother.

While I have described my invention with reference to specific-forms thereof, it will beunderstood that various changes maybe made therein' without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What I claim is: I

1. A hair curler comprising a form of substane tially circular cross-section around which the hair may be wound, an opening extending transversely through the form adjacent one end, passages leading to said opening from the exterior of the form, a closed wire loop clamping member fulcrumed in the opening and adapted to be swung into position over the opposite .end and around the form to embrace the hair wound? thereon, said form having integral portions that close the passages leadinginto the opening to prevent removal of the clamping member.

2. A hair curler comprising a metal tubeof I substantially circular cross-section around which" the hair may be wound, opposed perforations in the sides of the tubeadjacent one end, slits leading to said perforations from the exterior of the tube, a closed wire loop clamping member fulcrumed in said perforations and adapted to be swung into position over the opposite end and around the form to embrace the hair .wound thereon, said tube having portions of the metal.

at the slits initially bent out of their normal plane to permit of insertion of the closed loop through} the slits into the perforations, and subsequently; bent back into their normal plane to close themember of arcuate shape cross-section substantially corresponding to the curvature of the tubular member mounted on and adapted to lie over said member, an opening extending transversely through both members near one end, a wire loop clamping member fulcrumed in the opening, passages leading from the exterior of each member to the opening, said passages being initially open to permit of insertion of the clamping member and subsequently closed to prevent removal thereof. l

5. A hair curler comprising a tubular member, a semitubular member mounted to lie over the I tubular member, alined openings in both members near one end, slits in both members extending from the exterior to the openings and having portions of the members adjacent the slits initially bent out of their normal plane, a closed wire loop member fulcrumed in the openings and held thereinagainst removal by portions of the members adjacent the slits rebent to their normal plane.

6. A hair curler comprising a tubular member, a semi-tubular member lying over the tubular member, alined openings through both members near one end, a closed wire loop member fulcrumed in the openings, slots in both members extending from the exterior to the openings, and deformed portions of both members closing the slots to secure the wire loop permanently in the opening,

'7. A hair curler comprising a tubular member, a semi-tubular member lying over the tubular member, both of said members having handle portions, alined transverse openings through overlapping portions of said members, slits leading from the exterior to the openings and portions of the members adjacent the slits bent initially out of their normal plane, a closed wire loop fulcrumed in said openings and pivotally connecting the tubular and semi-tubular members, said loop being confined in the openings by portions of the members adjacent the slits rebent to their normal plane.

8. The method of assembling a wire loop to a hair curler having a tubular and a semi-tubular member, which comprises providing aligned openings in both members for reception of the loop, cutting slits in said members from the exterior to the openings, bending the material of each member adjacent the slits out of its normal plane to provide a passage through which the loop may be inserted into the openings, inserting the loop through said passages into the openings, and

subsequently rebending the material back into its normal plane to close the passages leading to the openings.

9. The method of assembling a wire loop to a hair curler having a tubular and a semi-tubular member, which comprises providing openings in said members for reception of the loop, forming passages in both members leading from the exterior to said openings of greater Width than the diameter of the wire of the loop, inserting the loop through'said passages into the openings, and deforming portions of the material adjacent the passages. to close said passages against withdrawal of the loop from the openings.

10. The method of assembling a pivot to a hair curler having two cooperating members, which comprises providing aligned openings in both members jior reception. of the pivot, cutting slits in said members from the exterior to the openings, bending the'material of each member adjacent the slits out of its normal plane to provide a passage through which the pivot may be inserted into the openings, inserting the pivot through said passages into the openings, and subsequently rebending the material back. into its normal plane to close the passages leading to the openings.

11. The method of assembling a pivot to a hair curler having two cooperating members, which comprises providing openings in both members for reception of the pivot, forming passages in both members leading from the exterior to said openings of greater width than the diameter of the pivot, inserting the pivot through said passages into the openings, and deforming portions of the material adjacent the passages to close said passages against withdrawal of the pivot from the openings.

12. A hair curler comprising a form around which the hair may be wound, a finger member mounted on and lying over said form, an opening extending transversely of both the form and finger adjacent one end thereof, a pivot fulcrumed in the opening, passages leading to said opening from the exterior of both the form and the finger, said passages being initially open to permit of insertion of the pivot into the opening and subsequently closed to prevent removal thereof by integral portions of the material of the form and the finger adjacent said passages.

WILLIAM HUPPERT. 

